Sunday, February 20, 2022

Artist of the Day, February 21, 2022: Gustave Caillebotte, a French painter, art collector, and impresario (#1502)

 Gustave Caillebotte (1848 – 1894) was a French painter, art collector, and impresario who was a member and patron of the Impressionists, although he painted in a more realistic manner than many others in the group. Caillebotte was noted for his early interest in photography as an art form.

Born into a wealthy family, Gustave Caillebotte trained to be an engineer but became interested in painting and studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He met Pierre-Auguste Renoir and Claude Monet in 1874 and showed his works at the Impressionist exhibition of 1876 and its successors. Caillebotte became the chief organizer, promoter, and financial backer of the Impressionist exhibitions for the next six years, and he used his wealth to purchase works by other Impressionists, notably Monet, Renoir, Camille Pissarro, Paul Cézanne, Edgar Degas, Alfred Sisley, and Berthe Morisot.

Gustave Caillebotte was an artist of remarkable abilities, but his posthumous reputation languished because most of his paintings remained in the hands of his family and were neither exhibited nor reproduced until the second half of the 20th century. His early paintings feature the broad new boulevards and modern apartment blocks created by Baron Haussmann for Paris in the 1850s and ’60s. The iron bridge depicted in The Pont de l’Europe (1876) typifies this interest in the modern urban environment, and The Floor Scrapers (1875) is a realistic scene of urban craftsmen busily at work. Caillebotte’s masterpiece, Paris Street; Rainy Day (1877), uses bold perspective to create a monumental portrait of a Paris intersection on a rainy day. Caillebotte also painted portraits and figure studies, boating scenes and rural landscapes, and decorative studies of flowers. He tended to use brighter colours and heavier brushwork in his later works.

Caillebotte’s originality lay in his attempt to combine the careful drawing and modeling and exact tonal values advocated by the Académie with the vivid colours, bold perspectives, keen sense of natural light, and modern subject matter of the Impressionists. Caillebotte’s posthumous bequest of his art collection to the French government was accepted only reluctantly by the state. When the Caillebotte Room opened at the Luxembourg Palace in 1897, it was the first exhibition of Impressionist paintings ever to be displayed in a French museum. Comprising such masterpieces as Renoir’s Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette (1876) and Édouard Manet’s The Balcony (1868–69), the bequest later formed the base of the Impressionist collection at the Musée d’Orsay.

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 Portrait de l'artiste (Self-portrait). 1892

 Bord de canal, près de Naples. 1872

 Saules au bord de l'Yerres. 1872

  Femme à sa toilette. 1873

  Le peintre Morot dans son atelier. 1874

 Paysage aux meules de paille. 1874

 L'Yerres, pluie. 1875

 Le parc de la propriété Caillebotte à Yerres. 1875

 Les jardiniers. 1875

 Les raboteurs de parquet. 1875

 Jeune homme au piano. 1876

 Le déjeuner. 1876

 Le jardin à Yerres. 1876

 Le Pont de l'Europe. 1876

 Canotiers sur l'Yerres. 1877

 Le jardin potager, Yerres. 1877

 Le Jardinier. 1977

 Le parc de Yerres. 1877

 Le Parc Monceau. 1877

 Portrait de jeune femme dans un intérieur. 1877

 Rue de Paris, Jour de pluie. 1877

 Skiffs. 1887

 Le Parc Monceau. 1878

 Les orangers. 1878

 Nature morte- verres, carafes et compotiers de fruits. 1879

 Intérieure, femme à la fenêtre. 1880

 Intérieure, femme lisant. 1880

La leçon de piano. 1881

Rougets. 1882

 La Seine à Argenteuil, bateaux au mouillage. 1883

 La femme à la rose. 1884

 Richard Gallo et son chien, Dick, au Petit Gennevilliers, 1885

 Paysage d'hiver. 1887-88

 Paysage à Argenteuil. 1889

 

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